Caesarean section - obstetric surgery, during which the fetus and the last extracted from the uterus through an artificially created cut in its wall. Term "Caesarean section> (sectio caesarea) is a combination of two words: secare - cut and caceelere - swish.

Removing a child from the womb of a dead mother by cutting the abdominal wall and uterus was made back in antiquity. However, the last century, before than the operation was the subject of research. At the end of the XVI century was monograph Fransois Rousset, for the first time in detail described the technique and indications for abdominal delivery. Until the end XIX century caesarean section was carried out in isolated cases and almost always ended with the death of a woman that was largely due with the wrong tactics abandonment nezashitoy wounds of the uterus. In 1876, GERaine E. Roggo suggested the removal of the child to remove the body of the uterus, resulting a significant reduction in maternal mortality. Further improvement results of the operation was linked to development of a three-storey uterine suture, first used F. Kehrer in 1881 for suturing incision of the uterus. Since then begins a more frequent use of caesarean section in obstetric practice. Reduction of postoperative mortality led to repeated operations, as well as to expand the indications for abdominal delivery. At the same time, maternal and especially perinatal mortality remained high. Only since the mid 50-ies of the XX century thanks to the wide introduction in practice of antibacterial drugs, blood transfusions, anesthesia to ensure the success operations, outcomes of cesarean to mother and fetus significantly improved.

In modern obstetrics caesarean section - the most frequently produced rodorazreshayuschaya operation. The frequency of it in recent years is 10% of the total number of births. There are reports of a higher frequency of caesarean section in some hospitals, especially abroad (up to 20% and above). On frequency of this operation is influenced by many factors: the profile and power obstetrical establishment, the nature of obstetric and extra-genital pathology in hospitalized pregnant and giving birth, qualification of doctors and al increase in the frequency of caesarean sections in recent years due to expansion of indications for operative delivery for the fetus, that is important for reducing the feather -

Tal morbidity and mortality.